PDF files require 
This activity explores the current controversy behind the identification of the botulinum toxin cell receptor. As in Activity 2, students will read primary literature, but now the reading is more difficult. The readings in this activity concern cellular processes that are not completely worked out, thus requiring a greater command of scientific experimentation. The following assignments place students in the midst of an evolving process of discovery involving work conducted by multiple research groups who do not always agree with one another. Assignment 1 aims for students to develop a command of this ongoing research. Assignment 2 extends the activity by asking students to write a review article based on their survey of the field.
To gain a better appreciation of the importance
of scientific communication and collaboration, students
will read several articles written by scientists interested
in identifying the host cell receptors for botulinum
toxin (BoNT) and address a set of questions that places
the work in a broader context. Given the increase
in federal funding for Homeland Security and Defense,
this area of research has gained more support and
interest. Understanding how the toxin binds to neurons
will lead the way for development of vaccines, inhibitors,
and treatments for botulism as well as modifications
for more efficient medical use of the toxin.
Students begin the activity by answering a set of
questions that identify key points of dispute concerning
botulinum toxin host cell binding and entry. These
questions ask students to analyze different pieces
of data from the primary literature and to weigh the
evidence that supports one theory or another with
respect to toxin binding. By the completion of this
activity students will be able to:
- Synthesize a comprehensive understanding of this
field by analyzing primary literature and evaluating
the premise, approach, value, and limitations of
various research studies.
- Critically analyze data, propose models, and make
predictions about future directions of research.
- Appreciate the difference between studies conducted
in vitro and those conducted in vivo,
and the merits and limitations of each.
- Comprehend experimental techniques such as affinity
chromatography, mobility shift assays, voltage clamp
assays, and transgenic gene expression.
- View science as a collaborative and competitive
process.
- Recognize that new data and advanced technologies
present opportunities for scientists to re-examine
and modify theories or hypotheses.
- Communicate their ideas in a clear and cogent manner.
If Assignment 2
is employed, students will also synthesize the progress
made in the identification of the host cell receptors
by writing a "News and Views" style report.
This Activity has two Assignments, a set of Teaching
Notes including sample answers (for instructors only)
and a grading rubric for student-written review articles.
Assignment 1: Essay
Questions
Assignment 2: Writing
a Review Article
Teaching Notes
For a downloadable/printable version in PDF format of these pages visit Core Materials
Return to Top